harden

verb

hard·​en ˈhär-dᵊn How to pronounce harden (audio)
hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
ˈhär-dᵊn-iŋ

transitive verb

1
: to make hard or harder
2
: to confirm in disposition, feelings, or action
especially : to make callous
hardened his heart
3
a
: inure, toughen
harden troops
b
: to inure to unfavorable environmental conditions (such as cold)
often used with off
harden off seedlings before transplanting
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or placement underground)

intransitive verb

1
: to become hard or harder
2
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to assume an appearance of harshness or severity
her face hardened at the thought
3
: to become gradually acclimatized to unfavorable conditions
often used with off
plants hardened off before the first frost

Examples of harden in a Sentence

The presence of certain substances in the blood can cause the arteries to harden. These additives are designed to harden the steel. substances that can harden the arteries The news has hardened opposition to the government. He had been hardened by his years of military service.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
The sclerosing agent causes the sac to harden and shrink, preventing the reaccumulation of fluid in the space.16 Varicoceles can often be managed with lifestyle changes, like wearing an athletic supporter (jockstrap) and losing weight. Josephine Hessert, Verywell Health, 1 Dec. 2024 Updated bilateral trade pacts focused on sectors that China dominates—such as critical minerals and pharmaceutical supply chains—would also wean Washington and its partners off the Chinese market and harden them against Beijing’s coercion. Kyle Balzer, Foreign Affairs, 21 Nov. 2024 The party of former chancellor Angela Merkel, known for her liberal stance on immigration in 2016, has hardened considerably. Frey Lindsay, Forbes, 20 Nov. 2024 Adrian Fontes, Arizona Secretary of State Since the post-election violence of the 2020 election, the no-nonsense Fontes has hardened his vote-counting centers. Philip Elliott, TIME, 4 Nov. 2024 See all Example Sentences for harden 

Word History

First Known Use

13th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of harden was in the 13th century

Dictionary Entries Near harden

Cite this Entry

“Harden.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/harden. Accessed 15 Dec. 2024.

Kids Definition

harden

verb
hard·​en ˈhärd-ᵊn How to pronounce harden (audio)
hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
-ᵊn-iŋ
1
: to make or become hard or harder
2
: to make unfeeling or unsympathetic
hardened his heart
3
: to make or become hardy or strong
muscles hardened by exercise
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or by placing underground)
hardened missile sites
5
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to express harshness
hardener
ˈhärd-nər
-ᵊn-ər
noun

Biographical Definition

Harden 1 of 2

biographical name (1)

Har·​den ˈhär-dᵊn How to pronounce Harden (audio)
Sir Arthur 1865–1940 English chemist

Harden

2 of 2

biographical name (2)

Maximilian 1861–1927 originally Felix Ernst Witkowski German writer

More from Merriam-Webster on harden

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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